WHAT IS A PHOTOGRAM?
A photogram is a photographic image made without a camera by placing objects directly onto the surface of a light-sensitive material such as photographic paper and then exposing it to light. The usual result is a negative shadow image that shows variations in tone that depends upon the transparency of the objects used. Areas of the paper that have received no light appear white; those exposed through transparent or semi-transparent objects appear grey.
The technique is sometimes called cameraless photography. It was used by Man Ray in his exploration of rayographs. Other artists who have experimented with the technique include László Moholy-Nagy and Pablo Picasso. Variations of the technique have also been used for scientific purposes.
The technique is sometimes called cameraless photography. It was used by Man Ray in his exploration of rayographs. Other artists who have experimented with the technique include László Moholy-Nagy and Pablo Picasso. Variations of the technique have also been used for scientific purposes.
MY PHOTOGRAMS #1
This was my first attempt to making a photogram. when making this photogram I had to think about how much light I was letting in the image and the about of time am exposing it. Because it was also my first time in the darkroom I also had to make sure of basic darkroom rule because they can help make your photograms better, like making sure that the light isn't turned on when you are in the process of making your photo, also making so that your F stop is always on safety mode so your can arrange your objects on the paper correctly.Am really not impressed with how my experiment came out because the one on the right has captured alot of light because i left it to expose for a long time.
Man Ray
Man Ray was an American visual artist who spent most of his career in France. He was a significant contributor to the Dada and Surrealist movements. He produced major works in a variety of media but considered himself a painter above all. He was best known for his photography, and he was a renowned fashion and portrait photographer. Man Ray is also noted for his work with photograms, which he called "rayographs" in reference to himself. most of his photogram are very interesting because of the variety of objects that he uses to create his image, they also have very limited details in them which makes the objects very recognizable. however i think his photogram always look half done meaning that they need more time to develop before washing them.
László Moholy-Nagy
László Moholy-Nagy was a Hungarian painter and photographer as well as a professor in the Bauhaus school. He was highly influenced by constructivism and a strong advocate of the integration of technology and industry into the arts. He experimented with the photographic process of exposing light sensitive paper with objects overlain on top of it, called photogram. most of his photograms where inspired from his time at the bauhaus. In his photograms he mostly uses body parts and he has a theme of overlapping his images. i have also noticed that he's work have different tone to them, this might be because of the amount of time that he exposes his work. he works also has minimum light to them because he's objects are mostly transparent.
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Abelardo Morell
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Abelardo Morell is a Boston-based photographer represented by Edwynn Houk Gallery in New York City. Morell is well known in the photographic community for creating camera obscura images in various places around the world and photographing these. He was also known for is very elegant photograms. in his photograms he mostly use house equipment especially kitchen utensils. most of these objects are very transparent and have very small light in the photograms. he also manages to show texture which is really impressive assuming that its sowing that i haven't done before.
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Photograms Experiment #2
After looking other artist works and how they use different types of materials to create their photogram, and also how they some of them use personal items. i then decided to use the inspiration from this artists and create another set of photograms but this time i made sure that they are all my personal stuff. before i started doing my photograms i had to make sure that the items i was using were cohesive, so i decided to go with things that have something to do with media.
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Experiment Using Paper
Starting my experiment i had to think about all of things because i wanted to get a different result. i first had to check all the numbers on my f stop to make sure that it starts from (2.8,4.5.6,8,11,16) this are the numbers that i was going to use to change the results that i was getting. i also had to think about how much light i was capturing and how much i was exposing it to the light,because having too much exposure with a lot of light can burn/spoil your photogram. For the first photogram i had to start with the highest amount of light which is 2.8 and i exposed it for 5seconds. i really like the way this turned out because of how the object that i use looks very vibrant. for the second photogram i used the same stop but this time i had to expose it for longer so i could get a different result so i choice 11 seconds. this made the photogram come out differently because it was under light for a longer time.
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Pierre CordierPierre Cordier, also known as the father of the chemigram, is a Belgian artist. He is considered the pioneer of the chemigram and of its development as a means of artistic expression. In November 10, 1956, writing a dedication with nail polish on photographic paper to a young German woman named Erika, Pierre Cordier discovered what he later called the chemigram. This technique, which combines the physics of painting varnish, oil, wax and the chemistry of photography photosensitive emulsion, developer, and fixer, without the use of a camera or enlarger, and in full light, became for him a source of experiments and a plastic language. He opened up a new visual space at the boundaries of painting, photography, and writing, allowing him "to create entrancing images impossible to realize by any other means. Working like a painter, he replaces the canvas with photographic paper.
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Evaluation of My Favourite Pierre Cordier ChemigramThis is my favourite work of pierre becaus8e of how ghostly it looks. i think the chemicals that he used makes this pice very elegant and almost looks like photograph. the fact that this image was made out of chemicals makes me like it even more because of how the chemicals are reacting against each other.
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My Chemigram's
In this chemigram i have made sure that i used all the chemicals that were available because i wanted to see how they react against each other. This was my first attempt doing a chemigram and i wasn,t sure how the (oil, bleach, window cleaner, toilet cleaner, carpet cleaner). when doing tis i had to make sure that the paper wasn't exposed to light because i didn't want to lose the natural texture. i also made sure that i used the developer, stop, fix. i really like this effect because it looks very ghostly and also notice that colours changed after i left it to dry because it got exposed to the light. I really like the way this piece turn out because you can feel all the different chemical just by looking at it.
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In this chemigram, i used only two of the chemicals that were available which was oil and window cleaner. i decided to use this two chemicals because i noticed that when they are put together,they don't mix, so i was fascinated by that effect and decided to do it on the paper. when i did this piece i noticed that the room was semi-dark which really made the colours in the chemicals look different. However the colours that i saw after leaving it to dry was different because the chemicals that i used was still reacting to the environment, which made it more interesting. this image looks very different to all my other chemigram it the sense that it looks likes its slowly burning.
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In this chemigram, i have used Vaseline, and bleach to create the effect on the image. I purposely used this chemicals because i wanted to see how the vaseline would react with the bleach. When i was still producing this image, i didn't use the developer and the fixer, i only used the stop which made the bleach darker however it didn't darken the paper which was exactly what i wanted to happen. The light in the room was semi-dark, this really contributed to how the colours came out. after finishing my experiment i then left it to dry and by doing this i noticed that the colours changed from grey to black and gold. this happened because the chemicals kept on reacting to the light and the environment.
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This chemigram was made using hand cream and carpet cleaner. I used a cotton swab to create the dots and quickly splash the carpet cleaner all over the paper. The most surprising part about this Chemigram was how the hand cream separated from the carpet cleaner. I only gathered a small amount of carpet cleaner on my hand and splashed it across the surface of the paper, i could see an instant change on the paper before i even put it in the developer. However when i did put it in the developer i could see the carpet bleach spread all over the paper and started creating a very dark effect. Because it was getting very dark and almost covering the white dots on the paper, i had to take it out and decided not to fix and stop.
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Handmade Negative.
Developing My Hand Made Negatives.
After looking at chemigrams and making my own, i then went in to creating home made negative and developing them
Eileen Quinlan
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Eileen Quinlan is a self-described still-life photographer who shoots with medium format and large format cameras. Quinlan is often regarded as one of many contemporary artists revisiting late Modernism, Also she is considered one of several contemporary photographers who are extending the innovations of the earlier pictures generation into new territory. Quinlan uses medium and large format analog cameras to create abstract photographs, and then agitates the film via steel wool or long chemical processing. Some of her photographic subjects include smoke, mirrors, mylar, colored lights, and other photographs among others. The result is photographic images that are reminiscent of colour field painting and op art thus furthering the contemporary conversation between photography and painting.
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Marco Breuer
Marco Breuer is a German photographer known for his radical approach to the medium. Much of his work is undertaken without the aid of a camera, aperture, or film, being instead produced through a combination of photogrammic, abrasive, and incisive techniques. Breuer works in and outside of the darkroom, exposing photographic material to heat, light, and physical abrasion. Breuer’s photographic explorations range from recent works on chromogenic paper to early black-and-white photograms, gum bichromate prints, silkscreens, artist books, and unlimited newsprint editions. his is very imaginative and risk taking because he isn't scared to durn or cut his very well made pieces.
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